Means for collecting average samples of gas.



I H. J. WESTOVER.

MEANS FOR COLLECTING AVERAGE SAMPLES 0F GAS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13, 1911.

1,@37,695 Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

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' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

Application filed September 13,1911. smaiso. 649,203.

To all whom it may concern:- Be it known. that I, HENRY a citizen-of-the UnitedStates, residing at the city of New York,-in' the county-of New 5 York and State of New- York, have invented certain, new and useful Improvements =1n Means for Collecting Average Samples of Gas;and I do hereby-declare the followin to bea full, clear, and exact description 0 the invention such as will enable others skilled -.in the art to which it appertains to make and use,the same.

In the'mana cment of steam boilers according tomo it is important to be able to secure daily tests of theaverage composition of the gaseous products of combustion Ofeach fur-- uace. Such tests-serve as an accurate check upon the economical management of the various furnaces. v

i The apparatus hitherto proposed for the purpose of collecting these. gases has been open to two principal ObjQClIOllS.

In the first lace the supply of gas collected at any 'ven moment depends upon the momentary gas pressure existing in the furnace, or in that partof the line or chimney whence thegas to be tested is lcd to the collecting means. Inasmuch as this pres- 80 sure is subjected to variations of a very con- 'siderable magnitude as compared with the total pressure,it follows that'the final composition of the gases collected in a working day will contain too great a proportion of I gas of the composition existing at times of high furnace pressure, and toolit-tlegss of the composition existing during periods of low pressure.

In the seco d place, the apparatus hitherto most commonly employed has depended for operation upon the slow movement of a displacing liquid through small apertures and tubes. The accidental collection of dirt within such discharge openings has been unavoidable, and given .rise to serious errors in composition of averages. p

I My present invention has A reference to means whereby a volume of gas of true average composition maybe collected during any predetermined period oftime; and

my improved apparatus avoids both of the serious objections above. discussed.

My invention is illustrated diagrammatically in a preferred embodimentm' the acn mnaay ng drawi g.

ern. standards of economyv In the practice of my invention I employ an automatic collector in combination with an introductory container and with means for producing a flow of gas through said container due to a pressure-difierence so much greater than the total pressurediifen.

enceproductive of ordinary draft at the point of derivation of the as. 'i' om the furnace, that the expected variations in this latter pressurc-diflerence will have no appreciable effect upon the composition of the small proportion of gas taken into the final collector from the introductory container. A pressure-difierence having this overwhelming predominance over the natural pressure-difference Within the furnace or flue I shall call a domiuant pressure-difference.

In the drawing a boiler fu nace of any desired construction is shown at 10, and from any convenient point of derivation 11, the primary collecting pipe-l2 is carried to the primary seal or liquid check valve 13. At 14 is a gage which may be usedifdesired on the pipe '12. J

From a point above the liquid 'in -.tl ae vessel 13 the gases are led into theintroductory container, which, in the form shown consists of a pipe'15. The gases are led through this container to a point beneath the surface of the liquid in the secondary seal 16. In order to safely dispose of any liquid carried over by the gas, and to prevent undue rise in the level of the liquid in the-seal 16, I prefer to use an outlet valve 17, normally open during collection of gas. To prevent air being sucked iii-ward through this valve, I use a partition'lsfldepending from the closed top of the vessel 16. The liquid in the vessels 13 and 16 is kept'at a common level by a pipe 19 connecting thr .1, and the ends of the pipes 12 and 15 should have an equal submergence in their respective sealing liquids.

An automatic regulator is preferably m ploiyed in the line of travel of the gases, an

in the form shown, this comprises a vessel 20 containingan appro riate liquid and connected to the vessel 16 y a pipe 21 whose extremity is submerged in said liquid, as shown. From the top of the vessel a pipe 22 leads to a suction ejector 23 provided with a steamjet 24 fed through a pipe 25 leading from a boiler 26.. The-valve 27 may be used to control this steam jet. Other means for producing a rapid and i circulation of gas in this connection are siderable excess of suction in the pipe 22' within myinvention.

Passing downward "through the top of the vessel and submerged in'theseali'ng liquid is a pipe 28 so mounted as to be capable of ad ustment up and down Owing to the. excess of pressure 7 in the atmosphere over that in the top of the vessel 20, the level of liquid will stand much lower in the tube 28 than in said vessel. In adjustaround thetube 21, and counteracts the tendency to draw too much gas therethrough.

It is to understood that other suction producing means may be substituted for the steam jet, and that other forms of automatic check valves and regulating valves may be employed without departing from this invention.

It is to be further understood that it is not essential to my broad invention that the mechanism or any part thereof should be run without intermission.

It is clear that, by use of the means thus 7 far described, a stream of gas is produced anymeans for producing this condition, in

through the introductory container 15 and that the pressure-difference between this gas -and the atm here is always'practically independent of t ie pressure-difference exist ng at a. given moment in the furnace. Myinvention, broadly considered, covers combination with an automatic collector.

The invention also covers the method in volved.

The form of automatic collector shown in m drawing comprises a receiver 30 close at the top, save where a ipe 31 connects the receiver to the intro uctory container 15.' The receiver 30 is fixed, as by the suspending devices 32. The bottom of the receiver is open.

Where it is desired to collect gases from a number of furnaces at once, a corresponding number of receivers should be used, each leading to a corresponding introductory container. I have shown two such receivers, but it will not be necessary to duplicate the illustration of the remaining parts.

Surrounding the receiver or receiveis 3O isia tank 33, containing a suitable displacmg liquid, the top of said tank being open to the atmosphere;

The tank 33 is supported upon chains or positive I container and ii cables 34, passing over suitable pulleys 3 5, and provided with counter-weights 36. The movementof the tank is controlled 'bv any.

work 37 acting through a pinion 38 and scend in the receivers 30, andthus drawing nto these receivers a continual slow suppl composition of. the gas many receiver 30, at the end of a given period, will represent through ;the'pipe 15 corresponding to such receiver-.1 Any mode of testing this gas when-desired may be resorted to; stance, a gas analyzing apparatus, shown in diagram at 40, may be connected to the pipe 31, by a branch pipe 41. "The valve 42 being opened and the valve 17 closed, the tank '33 may be lifted, by reverse'movement of the pinions 38"or otherwise, and thus gas will be'forced back into the analyzing apparatus 40. n l Various changes mayTbe made in this apparatus without departing from my invenherein shown and described.

What I claim is I 1. Means for obtainingan average sample nation an automatic collector, an introducto container connected with the furnacean with said collector, and means for'producing a. dominant pressure-difference in said introductory container, substantially as described. I

2. Means for obtaining an average sample of gases from a furnace comprising in combination an automatic collector, an introductory container connected with the-furnace and with said collector, and means for creating a strong current of gases from the furnace through said container, substasy tially as .described.

of gases from a furnace comprising in combination an automatic collector, 11 introductory container connected at a imint between its ends with said collector, bnn'ection between the furnace and one end of said container, and a steam ejector connected stantially as described.

4. In means for obtaining an average sample of gases and iii combination with a furnace, an automatic collector, an introductory container connected with said furnace and saidcollector, means for creating a dominant jire's's ure-difi'erence vvithin sai gas analyzing apparatus connected with said. collector, substantially v as described. r

5. In meansqfor obtaining an average chains or cables 39. This clockwork pro- -duces a. slow downward movement of the tank 33, causing the level of liquid to (16-.

the average composition 'of'the gases drawn so f automatic motor, as forinstance the clockyv of gas from the pipe Obviously-t-he For mtion, and I do not limit myself to the details of gas from a furnace comprising in combi 3. Means for obtaining an average sample with the opposite endof said container, subsample of gases, an introducto container, a liquid seal at each end thereo i and means gas through said substantially as for drawing a current of container and said seals, described. 1 v

6. In means for obtaining an average sample of gases, an introductory container, a liquid seal at'each end thereof, a connection between said seals beneath the liquid in each to preserve a common level in the two, and means for drawing a current of gas through said container and seals, substantially as described.

7. In means .for obtaining an average sample of gases a suitably sealed introductory container, means for creating a current of gas in the same and a pressure regulating valve connected to one end of said container, substantially as described.

8. In means for obtaining anaverage sample of gases, an introduct ry container, means for creating a current of gas through the same, and a liquid seal at each end of said container, one of said liquid seals comprising a vessel of liquid having a depending partition, substantially as described.

9. In means for obtaining an average sample of gases, and in combination with an said container and comp 'taining liquid placed 1n the path of said introductory container and means for creating a current of gas through the same, a regulating valveeonnected with one end of rising a vessel concurrent of gas and a tube adjustable in position leading from the atmosphere to a point beneath said liquid, substantially as described. 7

10. In means for obtaining an average sample of gases, and in combination with an introductory container and means for creating a current of gas through the same, a reg: ulating valve connected with one end of said container and comprising a vessel containing liquid, having a depending partition and open to the atmosphere on only one side of said partition, and a tube adjustable in position on the closed side of said partition 4 leading from the atmosphere to a oint beneath said liquid, sul'isiantially as I, escribed.

In testimony whereof, I 'atlix my signature, in presence of two Witn sses.

HENRY J. WESIY )V'ER. Witnesses:

H. S. MACKAYE, KATHARINE C. MEAD. 

